The Monsoon Session of Parliament 2025 concluded on Thursday after being adjourned sine die a day ahead of schedule, following continuous protests by opposition parties demanding a debate on the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls in Bihar. Despite repeated disruptions, both Houses managed to pass 15 key bills during the 21 sittings spread over 32 days since July 21.

Among the major legislations cleared were the Income-tax (No. 2) Bill, 2025, introduced after the withdrawal of the earlier Income-tax Bill, following the recommendations of the Select Committee. The bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on August 11 and returned by the Rajya Sabha the next day. Additionally, the National Sports Governance Bill, 2025, aimed at promoting sports and welfare measures for sportspersons, and the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Bill, 2025, designed to regulate and promote online gaming, including e-sports and educational games, were also approved.

Significantly, five bills related to the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways, including the Bills of Lading Bill, 2025, Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025, Coastal Shipping Bill, 2025, Merchant Shipping Bill, 2025, and the Indian Ports Bill, 2025, were passed by both Houses.

During the session, the Parliament also discussed the extension of President’s Rule in Manipur and approved the state’s budget. A special discussion on India’s decisive Operation Sindoor, launched in response to the Pahalgam terror attack, lasted over 18 hours in the Lok Sabha and 16 hours in the Rajya Sabha. Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the debate in the Lok Sabha.

However, several planned discussions, including the one on India’s first astronaut aboard the International Space Station and the role of the space programme in achieving ‘Viksit Bharat by 2047’, remained incomplete due to disruptions.

Three key bills—the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025, Government of Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025, and Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025—were introduced and referred to a Joint Committee of Parliament. The Constitution Amendment Bill proposes the removal of Union and State ministers facing serious criminal charges if detained for more than 30 days.

Despite these achievements, the session recorded low productivity, with Lok Sabha functioning at just 31% and Rajya Sabha at 33%, as discussions could take place for only 37 out of the available 120 hours.